During tax season many of our clients and potential clients are asking that very question. Unfortunately, it is not always a black and white answer. Read more to find out if your refund would be protected.

Many people are entitled receive tax refunds each year for overpayments to the IRS and Minnesota State Department of Revenue from taxes withheld from their paychecks. Sometimes, these refunds can be quite substantial. A debtor’s right to receive a future tax refund is considered property of the “bankruptcy estate.” In a chapter 7 bankruptcy case, property of the bankruptcy estate is all of the debtor’s money and property that is subject to being taken by the bankruptcy trustee to pay the debtor’s creditors. In many cases, most, if not all, the debtor’s money and property is “exempt,” or legally protected from being taken to pay their creditors.

Under the Internal Revenue Code, the general rule is that the discharge of a debt is a form of gross income. The forgiveness of a debt does sound nice, but it does come with some consequences.

For example, if a creditor forgives a debt of $20,000, you would have an additional $20,000 for taxable income. At a conservative tax rate of 15% you would owe an additional $3,000 in federal income taxes for that year.

On March 11, 2021, the American Rescue Plan Act was signed into law. Part of this law expended the existing child tax credit for tax year 2021.

Instead of applying up to $2,000 per qualified child, the amount was increased to $3,600 for a child under the age of 6 and $3,000 for a child aged 6 – 17. In addition, a household would receive half of either $3,600 or $3,600 in direct monthly payments between the months of July and December 2021.

If you are one of the millions of Americans that are unable to meet their monthly debt obligations, but are having trouble figuring out why, it may be because you are withholding too much from your paychecks for income tax. Although it may not be the only reason, one simple change to your withholding, could put more money in your pocket each pay period.

The Minnesota Working Family credit is a refundable credit for working individuals whose income is below a certain level. This credit can reduce what you owe and could result in a refund. You must be a full year or part year Minnesota resident and not prohibited from claiming the IRS Earned Income Tax Credit. The credit amount depends on your income, filing status, and number of qualifying children.

If you file bankruptcy and your spouse does not file with you, your spouse will remain liable on any joint debt. In a chapter 13 bankruptcy filing, priority debts like tax debt must be paid in the plan or through the bankruptcy. This is great news if you want a payment plan for your tax debt. However, the co-debtor on the tax debt is not protected by the automatic stay in a chapter 13 bankruptcy from the taxing authority.

The concept of discharge can prove to be a bit confusing to individuals not directly involved in the field of bankruptcy. Essentially, discharge means the debt is forgiven or canceled, and the creditor has either agreed to the debt being wiped out or the creditor is prohibited from pursuing future payment. Bankruptcy can only cancel debts that exist at the time the petition is filed.

When you do your taxes this year, your 2020 tax returns, you may encounter the Recovery Rebate Credit. The Recovery Rebate Credit is a protected asset in every bankruptcy case, chapter 7 or chapter 13. If you are owed this credit, this is not money that the trustee could ever get their hands on.

One of the most common questions that we hear around this time of year is whether potential clients will lose their tax refunds if they decide to file a Chapter 7 bankruptcy.. The short answer is that it really depends on each individual situation, but in a great many of the cases that we file, the tax refunds can be protected. 

The concept of discharge can prove to be a bit confounding to individuals not directly involved in the field of bankruptcy, especially when it comes to how that debt is taxed or not taxed.

Essentially, discharge means the debt is forgiven or canceled, and the creditor has either agreed to the debt being wiped out or the creditor is prohibited from pursuing future payment. Bankruptcy can only cancel debts that exist at the time the petition is filed.

One of the best reasons to file for Chapter 13 bankruptcy in Minnesota is to help with tax debt. Typically, tax debt that you incurred in the last few years or from a late filed return is not dischargeable in bankruptcy.

Many people I speak with are interested in finding out what debts are not dischargeable in a bankruptcy. Meaning what debts will still remain after a bankruptcy. Tax debt is the most tricky debt to deal with in bankruptcy because there are so many rules in place that must be followed in order to determine whether tax debt can be discharged in a chapter 7 bankruptcy.

A common question we hear from clients we meet with before tax season is if it is better to file bankruptcy before or after they file their tax return. Many times they have heard from someone that if they file bankruptcy the court will take their tax refunds. This is the biggest concern most people have about filing bankruptcy and taxes. The truth is that filing bankruptcy does not directly affect filing tax returns and you should not wait to file bankruptcy based on a fear of losing your tax refunds. The consequences of waiting to seek bankruptcy relief can be very serious. You could be risking your home and other assets by waiting to file bankruptcy.

When you are struggling to pay your debts, the idea of losing tax refunds after bankruptcy is frightening.  Some people rely on their tax refunds each year to make necessary repairs to their home or vehicle, pay for medical checkups or buy clothes and other necessities for their children.  We often have clients say that they want to put off filing a bankruptcy case because they are worried what will happen to their tax refunds after bankruptcy.