It’s widely known that overwhelming medical debt pushes many Americans into bankruptcy, even if the specific percentage of bankruptcy cases is hotly debated. If you’re recovering from a major illness, the overall numbers don’t matter - the important fact is that you’re drowning in medical debt. Maybe you’ve lost income, or maybe you’re now partially or totally disabled as a result of your medical condition. Whatever your situation, you’re probably extremely anxious about your future and understandably so.

The ultimate goal of a consumer bankruptcy case is the discharge of debts. While a discharge can greatly improve your financial situation, it is not a magic eraser that wipes out all types of debts. The following are some frequently asked questions about the debt discharge at the end of a bankruptcy case.

So, you are thinking about filing Chapter 7 Bankruptcy and you say to yourself, I don’t want to lose my Harley Davidson Some folks are a lot like me, they have high anxiety and want to know who exactly is involved in this process and what do they do?

In an earlier post, I wrote about the decision-making process that our clients go through in determining whether to file a bankruptcy case.  The last post dealt in large part with the advisability of thinking through the financial problems carefully, and involving friends and relatives to get a sense of whether these supporters think the bankruptcy option is a good one.  At the end of the post I wrote that seeing an attorney is essential to good decision-making regarding the wisdom of filing a bankruptcy case.

Instead of liquidating assets, Chapter 13 bankruptcy requires you to make monthly payments for three to five years before you can receive a discharge. The court will want to make sure you have enough regular income to make reasonable payments toward your debts. If you don’t have enough income, you may have to file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy instead of Chapter 13. The following is some additional information about how repayment plans work in a Chapter 13 case.

In an earlier post, I started writing about a common issue in chapter 13 bankruptcy cases: a change in income experienced by the debtor while the chapter 13 plan is open.  The last post looked at why this is an issue - namely, the 2005 revision of the bankruptcy law that required chapter 13 bankruptcy debtors to annually send the chapter 13 trustee copies of filed state and federal income tax returns.  It’s from that tax information that a chapter 13 trustee can ask individuals already in confirmed chapter 13 plans to adjust their income and expense schedules to more accurately reflect the debtor’s month-to-month financial situation.

The goal in consumer bankruptcy cases is the discharge of debts. Both a successful Chapter 7 and Chapter 13 bankruptcy will end with the court discharging a debtor’s qualified debts, which releases their obligation to pay those debts. It is important to understand what happens when you file bankruptcy,when a discharge occurs and how it works to improve your financial situation.

Chapter 13 bankruptcy is commonly known as the “reorganization” bankruptcy. Under this chapter of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code, the bankruptcy trustee will reorganize your debts based on priority, and then will require a debtor to make monthly payments, which the trustee will then distribute to creditors. Your repayment plan can last for three to five years, depending on your financial situation. Some debts must be fully repaid during the repayment plan, and the court may discharge any qualified debts that remain upon completion of the plan.

A chapter 13 bankruptcy is a very helpful tool for many people who are encountering overwhelming financial problems.  For individuals dealing with a potential mortgage foreclosure, chapter 13 offers a structured, affordable way to keep families in their homes.  For a person who has a car payment that has unexpectedly become too expensive, chapter 13 offers a way to restructure the car loan to make the payment more affordable.  For the person who is dealing with child support arrears, or back income taxes, chapter 13 provides a structure to pay these important obligations. 

So, you are thinking about filing Chapter 7 Bankruptcy and you say to yourself, I don’t want to lose my Harley Davidson worth 8k and no liens against it right? So, what do you do? You transfer the title to the Harley to your brother for nothing. Problem solved right? Wrong!

To understand what a reaffirmation agreement is in Chapter 7 Bankruptcy, you first must understand what the goal of a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy is. The goal of a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy is to obtain a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy discharge. A Chapter 7 Bankruptcy discharge absolves you of your personal liability for the underlying debt. Creditor must write the debt off and is not able to pursue debtor for the debt again.

I think one of the most anxiety producing events for a client is the meeting of creditors or 341 meeting. This is the meeting where the Chapter 7 trustee has debtor verify that the information on the schedules is true and correct and complete.

Section 341 of the Bankruptcy Code requires Chapter 7 trustees to conduct and for Chapter 7 debtors to attend a meeting of creditors. The code requires that a meeting of creditors must be conducted within a reasonable time from filing the Chapter 7 Bankruptcy. The purpose of the meeting of creditors is two-fold. First, it is to give the Chapter 7 trustee a chance to verify that the information contained in debtor’s schedules is true, correct, and complete. Second, the purpose of the meeting is to give creditors a chance to appear and ask debtors questions about debtor’s assets and debts and financial circumstances.

Section 704 of the Bankruptcy Code outlines the duties of a Chapter 7 trustee. A chapter 7 trustee’s primary role is to administer the Chapter 7 Bankruptcy case. This means that once assigned a Chapter 7 case by the US Trustee’s Office, a Chapter 7 trustee must review the schedules, question the debtor at a 341 meeting, and generally make sure debtor’s schedules are verified by debtor themselves.

We have discussed what reaffirmation agreements are in Chapter 7 Bankruptcy but what is a redemption agreement in a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy? The best way to illustrate a redemption agreement is to give you an example. Say you own a vehicle worth 5k but you owe 12k on the underlying loan.

While Section 109(a) describes who can file a Chapter 13 Bankruptcy, we want to know now where can the bankruptcy be filed?

It is not possible to move from one state to another and file Chapter 13 Bankruptcy the next day. 28 U.S. Code Section 1408 states that debtor may file a bankruptcy in the bankruptcy court of the federal judicial district in which the person filing bankruptcy has his/her principal residence, place of business, or principal assets. The domicile has to be where you were domiciled the greater part of the last 6 months and so, where you have been domiciled the last 91 days.